(Photo : INTI OCON/AFP via Getty Images)
A patient with cancer holds a balloon prior to the "March of the Balloons", an activity that is carried out for the International Day of the Fight Against Childhood Cancer, in Managua, on February 17, 2018.

Experts are alarmed by the upsetting report that people with childhood cancer will likely have physical and mental health issues later in life. Reportedly, 95% of these people experience a "significant health problem" connected to their disease or treatment by age 45.

This is an alarmingly high percentage of people with cancer as children.

The scientists looked at 73 different studies, including 39 cohort studies that tracked patients throughout their treatment. They published their results in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). They said that around 15,000 children and adolescents up to 19 are diagnosed with cancer yearly and that 85% of youngsters now survive five years or more beyond their diagnosis. According to the American Cancer Society, this number stands in stark contrast to that of the 1970s, when it stood at only 58%.

Numerous Issues Arise for Young Cancer Survivors.

As per the findings of the study, young cancer survivors have a wide range of complications. These include cognitive impairment, problems with their muscles and bones, future hormone disorders, and reproductive health issues.

According to The Washington Post, the researchers note that around one-third of those children cancer survivors who have subsequent health difficulties would go through "severe or potentially life-threatening chronic health problems." Endocrine abnormalities, following neoplasms (abnormal growths), and cardiovascular disease were the three conditions that occurred most often.

The radiation fields on the chest, head, neck, abdomen, and pelvis were of particular concern since these were the locations at which many new malignancies manifested themselves after treatment. Those exposed to greater quantities of radiation were at a higher risk for developing a variety of cancers, including breast cancer, malignancies of the central nervous system, and basal cell carcinoma.

Another factor that increased their risk was the kind of childhood cancer they had.

The individuals who were diagnosed with a brain tumor, treated with cranial irradiation, or who received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (a therapy that involves the transfer of stem cells from a healthy donor to a sick recipient) were also at risk the most, according to the researchers' findings.

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Another Concern: Mental Health

Depression rates ranged from 2.3% to 40.8%, which is much higher than the national average of 9.6%. This was another cause for worry over the state of mental health.

Those who had been treated for cancer when they were children had a significantly increased chance of committing suicide, with the biggest risk occurring in adults aged 28 and older. Adults who had survived childhood cancer had a risk of death by suicide that was 1.4 times greater than their peers who had not been ill as children. This was in comparison to the risk of suicide among the general population.

Given the continuous danger, the researchers advocate lifetime health promotion and early diagnosis of cancer treatment consequences for survivors. They recommend regular physicals and preventative care for survivors and that doctors advise patients about treatment's long-term impacts.

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